LINEA ALBA (WHITE LINE)

Linea alba is a common alteration of the buccal mucosa that is most likely associated with pressure, frictional irritation, or sucking trauma from the facial surfaces of the teeth. In one study of 256 young men, the alteration was present in 13%. No other associated problem, such as insufficient horizontal overlap or rough restorations of the teeth, is necessary for the development of linea alba.

Clinical Features

As the name implies, the alteration consists of a white line that is usually bilateral. It may be scalloped and is located on the buccal mucosa at the level of the occlusal plane of the adjacent teeth (figure 1-1). The line varies in prominence and is usually restricted to edentulous areas. It often is more pronounced adjacent to the posterior teeth.

Figure 1-1 Linea Alba on both Buccal Mucosa

 

Histopathologic Features

Biopsy is rarely indicated. If a biopsy is performed, hyperorthokeratosis is seen overlying otherwise normal oral mucosa. On occasion, intracellular edema of the underlying connective tissue may be noted.

Treatment and Prognosis

No treatment is required for patients with linea alba, and no difficulties are documented as a result of its development. Spontaneous regression may occur.